翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Direction ・ Direction (album) ・ Direction (geometry) ・ Direction centrale de la police aux frontières ・ Direction centrale des renseignements généraux ・ Direction cosine ・ Direction de l'Aviation Civile ・ Direction de la surveillance du territoire ・ Direction des Services de la navigation aérienne ・ Direction des services postaux de l'Office National des Postes et de l'Épargne ・ Direction du renseignement militaire ・ Direction finding ・ Direction flag ・ Direction General of Civil Aeronautics ・ Direction Generale de L'Hydraulique et del'Electrification Rurales ・ Direct pathway of movement ・ Direct Payments ・ Direct primary care ・ Direct process ・ Direct product ・ Direct product of groups ・ Direct proof ・ Direct Provision ・ Direct public offering ・ Direct quantum chemistry ・ Direct Rail Services ・ Direct read after write ・ Direct reduced iron ・ Direct reference theory ・ Direct Relief Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Direct pathway of movement ： ウィキペディア英語版 Direct pathway of movement The direct pathway of movement is a neuronal circuit within the central nervous system (CNS) through the basal ganglia which facilitates the initiation and execution of voluntary movement. It works in conjunction with the indirect pathway of movement. == Overview of Neuronal Connections and Normal Function == The direct pathway passes through the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus, which are parts of the basal ganglia. It also involves the substantia nigra, a part of the midbrain. In a resting individual, a specific region of the globus pallidus, known as the internus, and a portion of the substantia nigra, known as the pars reticulata, send spontaneous inhibitory signals to the ventral anterior nucleus (VA) of the thalamus, through the release of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Inhibition of the inhibitory neurons that project to thalamic VA, which project to the motor regions of the cerebral cortices of the telencephalon, leads to an increase in activity in the motor cortices, thereby promoting muscular action. When the pre-frontal region of the cerebral cortex, which is generally involved in decision making and planning, determines that a particular motor activity will be executed, it sends activating signals to the motor cortices. The motor cortices send signals through the basal ganglia to refine the choice of muscles that will participate in the movement and to amplify the activity in the motor cortices that will drive the muscle contractions. In the direct pathway, the motor cortices send activating signals to the caudate and putamen (which together form the striatum). The cells of the direct pathway in the caudate and putamen that receive these signals are inhibitory and, once they become activated, send inhibitory signals to the globus pallidus internus and substantia nigra pars reticulata. Thus, activation of the direct pathway will stop activity in the globus pallidus internus and substantia nigra pars reticulata. Before activation of the direct pathway, these two nuclei were actively sending inhibitory signals to the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus, which prevented the development of significant activity in the motor cerebral cortices. This behavior ceases on activation of the direct pathway. The net effect is to allow the activation of the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus which, in turn, sends activating signals to the motor cortices. These events amplify motor cortical activity that will eventually drive muscle contractions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Direct pathway of movement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.